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Friday 31 October 2014

Widmark - favourite features

For once, not films, but favourite physical features; an idea kickstarted by Katherine's comment on the Backlash page (that it wouldn't be his throat she'd go for)!

Well, keeping it clean in the spirit of 1950's Hollywood, here are my favourite bits of Mr Richard Widmark.

1.  The voice.

Has to be, doesn't it?  Deep, resonant, every word laden with meaning, often with those long pauses in between - you could practically listen to him reading the phone book and it'd be wonderful.  No wonder he started a successful career in radio drama - and thank goodness a lot of those episodes are still available. Strangely, the voice doesn't seem to fit his physical looks.  Last Wagon was the first film of his I watched, and for the first few viewings I was always caught out by how deep his voice was in the first words he spoke - about 20 minutes into the film!  And I love the scene in Warlock when Clay Blaisdesdell is talking to Gannon in the deputy's office, just before the expected shoot-out with McQuown.  At the end of his talk Blaisdell asks Gannon: You know what I mean, Deputy?  And Gannon takes a long time to reply and it's as if his answer is being dredged up from the deepest depths before emerging in a low, deep affirmation: I know.   Lots more examples, but let's leave it there.

2. The face

Specifically, cheekbones (wonderful, you could strop a knife on them).  Eyes (blue in good light, otherwise slate grey and very dark-looking in the b/w films) but always used to great effect; either hooded and distant, angry, soft with longing or filled with hurt.  He could put so much into his eyes, even when he only had one to work with - just look at Alvarez Kelly when Kelly tells him about Liz.

Mouth - I've often thought he had the most perfect mouth, curving into a ready smile or a sinister sneer, but it's let down (IMO) by a too-pendulous lower lip, especially in later age.  Apparently in Pickup on South Street they had to do the really smoochy kissing scenes at the unromantic time of nine in the morning.  Volunteers for kissing RW at any time of the day, please form an orderly queue ..... I'm sure it'll be a very long one!

As to ears, of course RW was quite deaf; Jean Widmark mentioned in an interview that he'd had a mastoid operation when he was young and it seems to have made his left ear permanently damaged.  He was barred from military service in WWII due to a perforated eardrum, but he said in a later interview that in effect, he had a hole in his head and it need to be drained every six months.  This must have been pretty nasty - and also painful apparently.  Often in movies his character was slapped across the face and he almost got into a fight with Dorothy Malone in Warlock after she slapped his bad ear too often in rehearsal.  (I think if they ever recorded that scene it was cut; there's nothing like that in the final film).

If you watch the 'What's my line' episode from 1954,  you can see him turn his whole body in order to hear - http://tinyurl.com/pdevvv9


3.  Hair

The hair should get a special mention all of its own, as very often it seemed to have a life of its own.  Most of the time it was perfectly groomed and barbered and perfectly in place but then something violent would occur and BAM the hair was all over the place in a most engaging way.  When Karyl brushes the hair out of his eyes in Backlash I'm sure there's a world of people wanting to do it too.  He seems to have had pretty much the same hairstyle through most of his career, though sometimes a bit shorter for the military (Frogmen and Take the High Ground! in particular) and rather longer in later life.  There are a few exceptions to the standard hairstyle: Down to the Sea in Ships - I don't know what they did with it; curled it perhaps, cut it short, layered it, I don't know but it looks engagingly cute and helps make him look quite young.  Another is Cobweb where it's dyed a most unconvincing grey.  When his hair's shorter it looks a lot darker, again, especially so in the b/w films.

4.  Hands and feet

He had lovely large, and very expressive hands, with long fingers.  Often he'd be poker-faced, either unable to express his anger or reining it in, but his hands would do the talking, clenching and unclenching as if he wanted to thump whoever it was standing in front of him.  (Good examples are from Last Wagon and The Trap.)  Or, when he was talking about something very personal, he'd look away and pick at something with his finger.  (Last Wagon again, Warlock).  He played the piano (see Street with no name) and there's also a nice real-life family photo of him sitting at his piano with his daughter Anne.  His hands made it more real, somehow, especially when he's in prison in Backlash and holding the bars; just the way his thumb's upright against the bars makes that moment come alive.

His feet were equally elegant, if far less expressive and far less seen.  You get a good shot of the uncovered Widmark foot in Frogmen when he's being treated for coral poisoning and also in The Secret Ways when he's been picked up and taken home by the street girl./informer.  I'd like to point out that I don't have a foot fetish, he really did just have rather beautiful feet.

5.  Elbow

Yes I know, odd much, but bear with me.  It all fits in with the 'being real' thing and it's only in Warlock.  Blaisdell's asked Gannon to demonstrate that he can draw, and the camera shot is from his back as he puts the gun away, and then holds his injured hand.  Suddenly the elbow shows through the shirt and and it's as if he's just there .... 

6. Height

Any biography of RW you read will probably mention that he played football in college despite being the smallest and lightest member of the team, and only making the team through sheer tenacity and determination. As to height, he was 5'10", not exactly short, but not as tall as most of the leading men of the era who tended to top 6' and who were usually dark haired to boot.  Being slight and slender nearly lost him his first job in Kiss of Death but Widmark proved that you don't need size to be menacing.  I don't think it's accidental that very often his character is surrounded by taller and bigger men, but that he is always the toughest.  (Backlash, Alamo and The Law and Jake Wade spring to mind).  He famously lost weight during each movie, probably due to the sheer amount of running around he had to do, and none more so than on Night and the City where he lost about two stone during filming.  It worked well though, as his next film (No Way Out) featured him as Ray Biddle, a psychotic, violent, racist thug - made more intense by his extreme slenderness.   Being on the thin side also adds to his air of vulnerability, particularly in Halls of Montezuma.  Widmark kept his figure all through his career and though he put on some weight, he certainly never got fat and he was still fit enough to throw golf clubs around in his last film True Colors in 1991.

7.  Shoulders.

He had small shoulders, which again helped make him look small and vulnerable, a look usually set against a very tough-guy character.  There's nothing like a tension like that to keep a viewer interested :-) In Westerns the waistcoat showed his frame as it was, whereas the 1950's/contemporary suites had padded or overlarge shoulders that disguised it.  You can guess which I prefer.

8.  Speed

Damn, that man could move fast.  Just look at him stamp on the gun in Law and Jake Wade, or draw first against the badman (Alamo, Clarion Call, Backlash, Death of a Gunfighter ... ) and he had a real intensity too that often broke out in what could seem like nervous movement.  Again - Clarion Call or Kiss of Death where he's often practically jigging on the spot at one point.  For facial expressions, you can't beat Tunnel of Love where his facial expressions play like sunlight on moving water.   Compare with ...

9.  Stillness

Amazing, the contrast.  I don't think it comes up better than in Backlash where Slater is sitting on the Sheriff's desk and just looking steadily at him.  The camera cuts away and then back again, but Widmark hasn't actually moved a muscle; that's not the only example but possibly one of of the best.


Thursday 16 October 2014

Lessons on handling epidemics from 1950’s ‘Panic in the Streets’ (Reuters blog, 16.10.2014)

Lessons on handling epidemics from 1950’s ‘Panic in the Streets’

By Molly Haskell
 
OCTOBER 15, 2014
The Ebola news has made me think about Elia Kazan’s crackling and moody Panic in the Streets,a 1950 thriller about a deadly bacterium that has entered New Orleans and threatens to spread. On a recent re-viewing, it definitely left me quavering — and gave me a nightmare chill I hadn’t experienced on previous occasions.
Practically the first word we hear is bubonic plague, with visions of skeletons.  The bacteria turn out to be pneumonic plague, the pulmonary variant of bubonic plague, discovered in a bullet-ridden male corpse at the docks. Richard Widmark plays the dashing and troubled hero, Lt. Commander Clinton “Clint” Reed. A doctor in the U.S. Public Health Service, Reed is fighting to convince the city brass that any man who touched the victim must be found in 24 hours — or the plague would spread.
Panic_in_the_Streets_posterThe parallels to the Ebola outbreak are creepy: the feeling of helplessness before an unprecedented natural scourge; the concern about finding and quarantining victims; city officials arguing over how to contain it.
The differences between the current situation and the film are enormous, too — no cell phones, no GPS, no omnipresent surveillance cameras and a muzzling of the press (!) embodied by a lone journalist — but not enormous enough to reassure.
The movie begins with a group of lowlife criminals, headed by Jack Palance, playing poker with the sick man — a stowaway into the port whom Palance thinks is cheating them. The man takes his big winnings and staggers out of the room, sweating and stumbling. But his death by fever is preempted when he is gunned down by Palance and his henchmen (Zero Mostel and Guy Thomajan).
At the morgue, the alert coroner — considerably faster on the trigger than the doctors in Dallas — immediately detects the bacteria. Widmark goes into action, conferences are held and the fear begins.
Every time characters touched each other in the movie, I flinched — and there was constant touching in the film. Did Kazan deliberately amp up the physical contact — the back pattings, the in-your-face threats and faux-sympathetic brow-wipings of a menacing Palance (his first film) — to raise the terror level? Or was that just Group Theatre camaraderie?
Kazan, who would go on to direct A Streetcar Named Desire (stage and screen versions), was known for high-intensity performances and emotional naturalism. He discovered Marlon Brandoand James Dean and Warren Beatty.
Panicinthestreets_-- still 1Widmark, with his slow-burn stubbornness, is a moving figure. Reed is the white knight of a doctor at a time when we believed medicine could cure everything. He has his anxieties, but they are more about low pay and status than professional insecurity. He knows without a quiver of uncertainty the path that must be taken.
Reed’s relationship with police Captain Tom Warren, played by Paul Douglas (also a benign figure, though now we would immediately suspect him), is at the center of the film. They bicker, argue, score one-liners, dismiss and then come to deeply admire one another — the ideal bromance.
The movie’s sense of foreboding is not global, however. The United States is still vast enough, and a world shrunk by air travel is still in the future. When Widmark cries out that it’s now possible to get to any city in 10 hours, he’s thinking primarily about American cities.
His concern, not shared by the local aldermen, dramatizes a familiar movie trope — the social divide between those who represent greed or self-interest versus truth-sayers.  This elemental conflict never loses its currency (see Jaws), probably because we often find criminal indifference or self-interest lie at the bottom of many real calamities, including oil spills, dangerously flawed cars and slipshod construction oversight.
panic-in-the-streets -- z & palance better!The victim, thought to be Armenian or Czech, turns out to be a stowaway who contracted the disease through shish kebob at a Greek restaurant. (Oops, stay away from those for a while). We see how different the situation is today by the characters’ neutrality when considering this point.  The words “illegal” and “immigrant,” now a flashpoint for fulminations from both political parties, are never paired. The man is designated a foreigner, with no slur intended.
By contrast, in our current adversarial atmosphere, conservatives have eagerly used the Ebola crisis to raise the specter that Latino immigrants will bring the virus over the U.S. borders.
Unusual for its time, the movie was shot on location in New Orleans, and uses non-acting locals in the cast.  It gets its noir credentials — and frisson — from the atmospheric nocturnal cinematography of Joe MacDonald, occasionally relieved by the sunny-through-it-all face of Barbara Bel Geddes as Widmark’s supportive wife. While others are sending their children out of state, she’s blithely unconcerned about her son — confident that her hubby can vanquish the enemy. The troubles that beset them — Widmark’s self-pity, his sense of not being quite man enough — would probably take on a more ominous shading today, hinting at acrimonious future fights, and probably divorce.
Possibly the biggest difference between that era and now is the treatment and perception of the media. The public’s right to know be damned! Kazan’s newspaperman is thrown into jail by Douglas for safekeeping before he can spread the alarm about the plague.  Now, however, it’s the media who lead the panic in the streets and living rooms.  You can see it 24/7 in their eyes: The unseemly relish with which they report each new crisis and, when the story flags, replay footage with minute variations, finding new twists.
Nor would most of us want it any other way. We are afraid of Ebola — but at the same time, excited, even stimulated by it. We don’t really believe it can happen to us, and it conveniently distracts us from the real problems of ageing and mortality.

PHOTO (TOP): Trailer for 1950 Elia Kazan film, Panic in the Streets. YouTube
PHOTO (INSERT 1): Theatrical release poster for Panic in the Streets. WIKIPEDIA/Commons 
PHOTO Screen-capture from Panic in the Streets. City officials meet  to discuss how to assure public safety. Richard Widmark plays Dr. Clinton Reed (in uniform on left side of table.).
PHOTO (INSERT): Screen capture of film Panic in the Streets, featuring Zero Mostel (L), Jack Palance (C).

http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2014/10/15/lessons-on-handling-epidemics-from-1950s-panic-in-the-streets/#comment-95144